Judo rose. The history of the history of judo development. Chi is important strength and vaga in judo

The history of judo fighting begins with the fierce fate of 1882, if Jigoro Kano, one of the most famous at that time Japanese masters of combat mysticism, at the temple of Eishedzі, at once from a large group of students, with their teachings, they won the Vlasnu school. qia school bula named "Kodokan", and її the name is translated as “Institute for the Vyvchennya Shlyakh”, and it occupied a small area of ​​the whole chotir of different uses. The largest of the three kimnats with a size of 4x6 meters was built under the dojo.

Since the start of the Kodokan school in the first river, there have been nine students in total, and the first-time clerk Jigoro Kano could not in his disposition of the koshtiv navit those who, as a consequence, have small places to occupy. As a result, Kano managed to take a small sum of pennies for the translation of the work "Treatise on Zetics" english movie, for which wine I took up the protection of the Ministry of Education

Today, the date of the opening of the Kodokan school is associated with the day of the birth of judo wrestling, as it looks like it was created by Master Jigoro Kano on the basis of the ancient technique of jujutsu, the system of training young people in Japan. A prominent teacher of youth believed in advancement and the power of jujutsu and saved the methods of this training as a kind of koshtoness in Japanese culture, a protein of reconciliation in the need to attach the old technique to new minds of modernity.

Kano was aware that the basic principles of wrestling jujutsu should be systematized at a glance Judo at the walls of the "Kodokan" school, young people were given the discipline of the body and mind, as well as training to a good life and knowledge of wisdom. Meister saying to the teachings that the life of a human being is marne, as if yoga practice is not directed towards a greater good. And the development of a new type of wrestling wines was developed from the systematization of the best techniques of martial arts jiu-jitsu, adding to them new techniques and adding to the old methods, we need more money.

And as a result, an absolutely new system appeared, in which the physical and spiritual cobwebs will be combined, and at the Kodokan school, different kinds of wrestling Jigoro Kano called "judo". Word "ju" is translated as "modest" chi "m'yaki", and the word "before" signifies the human manner that vminnya trimatisya, life way that warehouse to mind and point to dawn. To that "judo" - tse modest and soft manner of trimming, as if it were the setting of a judoist athlete to the life of his opponents.

The location of the dojo at the Kodokan school was right up close to the main hall of the great temple, on the walls of which hung wooden plaques dedicated to the memory of the dead. Most of the time, after the intensive struggle of schoolchildren, the apology shook in the room, and the signs that hung on the walls tapped. If the fights were held at the evening hour, similarly tapping in the distance predicted its own dance of mysterious perfumes.

In such an unpredictable situation, the sounds of wooden planks lulled, that they fell, cracked the learners, that they did not resist the onslaught of falling bodies, cracked floorboards, and the paraffians of the temple of Eisedzi came to the fire. When the training was over, Master Jigoro Kano wrapped his head with a towel, abi hoch as if to protect himself from the cobwebs, independently liz pіd podlogu and repaired the broken plank bridges with his own hands, and then the story was repeated on the coming day.

After the founding of the Kodokan school, the mentor Jigoro Kano, for the help of judo, began to create a new system of training young people, so the martial arts techniques were seen by him not as a way to spend an hour, but as a reward for training a person. An hour later, the reader wrote that judo wrestling can become a way of effectively defeating the body and the spirit, and the essence of single combat is in the knowledge of the mysticism to defend and attack. Being the most important directly at the new system of training young people in Japan, Kano is rooted in hard training, which allows them to play the will of their students and effectively work out their bodies.

The main principles of judo wrestling Jigoro Kano Zumiv have become more significant, and all the stinks have been laid down in the instructions for the students of the Kodokan school. Vchitel having defeated the strength of a person with eyepieces in singles, and having said the famous formula, for the help of a judoist, whose strength can be estimated at 7 points, you can overcome an opponent with a force of 10 points, for example, you can suddenly beat the rest of the z rivnovagi and suddenly speed up. If the supernik is indulging in zeal, the judoist begins to overturn yoga for strength and that he can overcome it without squeezing his own zusil.

Having reached the maximum result, the mentor of the first in the history of judoists, having looked at the main method of wrestling, with a lot more vartuє win in a duel, de the athlete had a chance to report a minimum of power zusil. Having looked at the most effective result as the basic basis of judo, the very principle of wine has played a significant role in the system of physical training of people. One and the same principle of winning as a master in all spheres of life, including learning to take into account the peculiarities of one's behavior, the stages of shaping the character and development of intellectual strengths.

Two years later, after the opening of the Kodosan school, in 1884, the fate of the mentor Jigoro Kano had more space for the dojo, although only twelve mats - tatami could fit in the middle. Till what hour, regular days were set for the holding of the open fires, and a classification system was also formed. At this stage, in this system, there were a total of three corn rows, which took away the name “kyu”, as well as three different rows of mastrіv, which were called “dan” at once. For example, the XIX - the beginning of the XX century at school there were only two coaches who were awarded the master level "sedan", and Jojiro Tomit and Shiro Saigo were in the same number.

In this hour, the pardon is widely expanded, for the most prestigious among judo athletes is the "black" belt. Ale zgіdno with the principles of judo, the real majsternіst is marked with a belt not of black, but of a red color, although the mentor Jigoro Kano himself put on a belt at the end of his days white color, podkreslyuyuchi before the teachings of the serenity and depth of the secrets of the new created by him combat art.

At the same time, for the purpose of delineating the level of mastery of athletes-judoists in the European countries, a system of belts is victorious, the gradation of which is established in a fallow way in their colors. The order of rіven maisternosti is awarded sequentially according to six academic slabs, which are assigned white, yellow, orange, green, blue brown belt. And the “black belts” are already worn by the masters of the first five dans, moreover, the ribbing of their maisternost is due to the additional special stripes on the belt itself. The maestri of the advancing three are given to wear red-white belts, and the remaining two are given bright red-red belts.

Following the systematization of the level of mastery in judo Jigoro Kano to introduce a new system of "kan-geiko", which consists of training for cold weather. Won polagaє in the thirty-day period of winter training, yaki were carried out early in the morning, from 4:00 to 7:00 a.m. Even before 1885, the number of those willing to learn judo at the Kodosan school grew to 54 students, and foreigners began to train for a mentor. The first foreigners at the school were the Eastlake brothers from the USA, but they didn’t get a good stink for a long time, and then Professor Ledd, who had previously lectured at Princeton University, showed up at Kodosani, and he was zealously training under the supervision of a mentor for a ninety-month period.

In 1886, the Kano school was founded and the school moved to Fujimі-te, when the school was founded, the building could accommodate forty matіv, and the start of a new spacious mortgage before the judo school could enroll in 99 schools. Here, the students themselves, with the master’s equal, could put on a black belt yak native rice his status. The masters of the “Kodosan” school, as if they had reached the level of a black belt, goiter were well aware of the principles of the first medical aid, which one hopes for in times of injury. However, such methods of help do not predict modern European medicine and are based on the theory of acupuncture and acupressure, which were similar to the Chinese even for hours of the oldest schools of jujutsu.

On the territory of Japan, the methods of resuscitation of people, as if they were in shoc, are called "kappo" in the form of the words "katsu" and "ho", as in the aggregate they are transferred as "a way to revive". With that, in the old days, the “cappo” technique was the greatest mystery, the shards of the data of the method, the foundations for pouring into the largest active points, you can win not only for the exaltation of the people. Under the hour of learning the aggressive system "sappo", the essence of which was believed by the strikingly most important life point The students of the martial arts school have developed methods of resuscitation of “cappo” Prote Kano, the mentor of Kano, has trained only athletes of high level of skill, as they have reached the singing successes of spiritual well-being.

In the afternoon, the students of the Kodokan school began to be seen at all the educational events, and they organized National agency the police, and the great defeats of the nevdovz became one of the warehouse mythologies of judo. At the result of the school on the Shindo Rokugo Kai kshtalt, the oldest varieties of martial arts were formed, began to unite among themselves, to resist new struggle judo, protests significantly compromised the well-planned and well-thought-out systems of Master Kano.

Already at the end of 1888, Kano's mentor at once with the Reverend T. Lindsey presented the article "Ju-Jutsu" to the Asian Association of Japan, members of some businessmen, English professors and diplomats. It has been brought to this robot that only jujutsu wrestling is inspired by pure Japanese roots, and the techniques of all other martial arts have been blamed for the uninterrupted influx of ancient principles of Chinese boxing.

The principle of judo in the article is illustrated on the basis of the legend about the old teacher, who guarded the willows behind the bushes, who bend under the snow, and didn’t slam when they did. The robot told about master Dzyusin Sekiguti, who was alive in 1597-1670, as well as about other famous masters of ju-jutsu. Of particular interest are the contributions of the articles from the life of Sekіguti, which pan virіshiv zіshtovkhnuti from the Vuzky bridge like a re-verification of the maister's art. Sekіguti himself started to fall on the back, leaning to the edge of the bridge, and then successfully dodged, but pan, leaning forward with inertia, the ice did not call from the bridge near the water.

In 1889, Jigoro Kano settled in the area of ​​Kami-Niban-te, and at that time he had already reached the opening of a small number of branches of the Kodokan school, circulated in different areas of Tokyo, in which the judo science began over thousands of students. Bagatyokh uchnіv mentor utrimuvav wet kosht, prote regime of the day of sportsmen-judoists but not less suvorim, lower life way of chentsiv. The pupils began to wake up about 4:45 am, and then the judoists, as if they lived at the Kodokan school, were embarrassed to clean up their rooms, and also the school’s service premises, and lay down to it the territory.

The afternoon was divided into different aspects of learning, including reading books, studying political sciences and philosophy, psychology and economics, and the practice of judo occupied the space at the school's desk. If the students read books, they were guilty of being dressed in a kimono with a hakama - even with wide trousers, and like the Kodokan, which is taught at school, without training and not reading, it was busy cleaning up, preparing baths, or zhі, or serving guests. The day at the Kodokan ended no more than 9:30, after which the judo athletes were already allowed to go to bed.
Once a week, Jigoro Kano spent time with his students at tea time, and in a week, after school students, they let him go for a walk. The motto of the school of Jigoro Kano sounded: “Zrobi yourself”, and the same leather from the school gave for the darning of a wet robe that yoga practice. The mentor himself is alive under such a regime, like a yogi, but he often happened to be busy with translations at night, as the Ministry of Education would say.

For additional money, otrimanih for the translation, the master went far away to one more place in the dojo in Sima To-mizaka-te, in which there were already a hundred matіvs, but from that moment the learners could pay for their education, although the payment was not large. In 1895, five groups of “goke-no-waza” instructions were carried out in “Kodosan”, which included the main techniques - falling, kicks and leg swings, and the “setyu-geiko” system, which transmits summer training, appeared already through river.

Judo

JUDO unchangeable; since. Wrestling in a free style, based on wrestling and modernization of jiu-jitsu techniques, has become a special kind of sports wrestling. Accept bud.

(Japanese: ju - softness, do - way), a type of sports wrestling, vinik in Japan of the XIX century, modernized jiu-jitsu, converted to sports. A number of methods of fighting are allowed and іnshі, for example, pain. The International Federation (IJF; founded 1956) has close to 160 countries (1997). World Championships in 1956, Europe in 1951, in the program of the Olympic Games in 1964.

JUDO (jap. judo. vіd ju - gentry, lower i do - way), a kind of sports wrestling, based on jiu-jitsu techniques. (div. JIU-JITSU (jiu-jitsu)) Vinik at Japan, for example, 19th century. In a row with methods of fighting, pain is allowed (on the hands) and suffocating. Athletes at the kimono (div. KIMONO)(Dovga jacket with a belt and white pants) fight on special mats - tatami (div. TATAMI). In order to achieve victory at the stand, the attacking wrestler is guilty of vikonati throwing a superman on the tatami on his back (bolovy or strangling hold or stretching for 30 seconds). The technical skills of wrestlers are assessed by the following rank: pure victory - “ipon” (10:0), “vasari” (7:0), “yuko” (5:0), “coca” (3:0).
In 1956 the International Federation (IJF) was founded; up to 187 countries (2002). World championships have been held since 1956, Europe - since 1951, in the program of the Olympic Games since 1964 (Crimea 1968). on the Olympic Games in Barcelona (1992) judo competitions were held in the middle among women.
History of the winery
Judo viniklo based on jiu-jitsu, priyomi yakoї migrated to Japan from China. The founder of judo was a prominent Japanese teacher, educator and coach D. Kano (1860-1938). In 1882, having fallen asleep its own judo school "Kodokan", which soon became the world's largest center for training fahivtsiv judo wrestlers. Recognized by the leaders of modern judo is Japanese judoisti. The Olympic debut of judo brought him three gold medals, and A. Gesink (Netherlands) won in absolute first place. Yogo win became the biggest sensation. Such countries as the Soviet Socialist Republic, Korea, Canada, Great Britain became a year of competition for Japan.
The development of judo in Russia
A development of Russian judo named after U. Z. Oshchepkov (1892-1937), a former student at the Japanese Kodokan Judo Institute. Turning back to Russia in 1914, opened his own school. Ale, in a right way, judo began to develop less in wartime fates.
In 1962, the SRSR became a member of the European Judo Union and the International Federation. In 1964, at the Olympics in Tokyo, the judoists of Radyansk successfully made their debut, as if they won bronze medals. In 1972 the All-Union Judo Federation was founded. Tsey sport became quickly gain popularity. The first gold medal was given to the judoist viborov by the Radyansk athlete Sh. Chochishvili at the Games of the XX Olympiad in Munich (1972). Olympic gold medals were also won by S. Novikov, V. Nevzorov, N. Solodukhin, Sh. Khabareli, D. Khakhaleshvili. At the Olympic Games near Sydney (2000), the Russian team also performed successfully: one silver medal (L. Bruletova) and two bronze medals (Yu. Stepkin and T. Tmenov). At the Olympiad in Athens (2004), Russian judoists won two silver medals (V. Makarov and T. Tmenov) and three bronze medals (D. Nosov, Kh. Taov and T. Donguzashvili).

Encyclopedic dictionary. 2009 .

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